The U.S. Coast Guard has created the standard minimum requirements on safety equipment for boats. This is a minimum standard and can most certainly be built upon to create an environment that greatly increases the success for safety on any boat. Based on the location and distance from shore a safe operator should be well researched before embarking on any trip. Keep in mind that not every size and class vessel will follow the same guidelines.
What should I have?
It should go without saying that life jackets would be the first on the list for necessary equipment. Not every person on board will be the same size and weight at all times, so special attention should be given to this fact. In addition to the life jackets one throwable device is required. Next one fire extinguisher is required on many vessels; however, there are exceptions. If operating at night one visual device is needed and the type depends on the location you are operating. Also, a sound producing device like a horn or whistle. These are basic requirements for small boats and your vessel may require more. Inboard motors require bilge ventilators and backfire arrestors. Check for the types and classes required for all of your equipment on the coast guard website.
What type of boat requires more equipment?
Check your date of manufacture for before and after 8/80 for additional requirements and exemptions on inboard motors. Boats over 16 and under 26 feet will require a day time signal device in addition to the night signal. No fire extinguisher is required on boats less than 26 feet with outboard motors and exterior fuel tanks. Over 26 feet additional fire controls; as well as, garbage and oil discharge placards are required.
When do I need additional equipment?
There is more than one situation that requires additional equipment. An example would be nighttime operating, this requires specific types of lighting so other boats can see you. The primary concern is the location you are operating a recreational vessel. Manly open bodies of water. If you plan to exit a bay into an ocean or sea the types of signals required change. Always ensure that you have proper communication means before leaving smaller bodies of water.
What if I want to add more layers of safety?
You can always go above and beyond and you should. First aid kits, spot lights, radios, additional anchors, lines and EPRIBs are always a great start. There are many great devices for our hobby that can make the experience that much better in the event you may need them.
Conclusion
In the end safety is truly up to you. The Coast Guard requirements are minimum guidelines and can always be improved on. Take the time to plan. Everyone on board is relying on you to keep them safe and enjoy their trip. Do your own research and find what is right for you. Every boat and situation is different and not all vessels can carry the same amount of equipment. I have not explained all the requirements as far as type and class equipment of each vessel. This is only a discussion starter to improve on. So, do your own research and have an amazing time on the water.
Add a section on Navigation lights